Tpack knowledge in secondary school teachers: basis for effective teaching with mobile technologies in digital environments

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/mr2024.109

Keywords:

Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Mobile Learning, Teacher Competencies, Educational Environment

Abstract

The digital transformation of educational environments has highlighted the need for teachers to master skills that integrate technology, pedagogy, and subject matter. In this context, mobile learning emerged as an effective strategy for expanding educational coverage, fostering independent learning, and improving academic performance. Its pedagogical integration also lays the groundwork for future collaborations with immersive virtual environments and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and augmented reality. This study analyzed the level of TPACK knowledge among secondary school teachers in Regional 08 of the Ministry of Education of the Dominican Republic, considering the educational use of mobile devices. A mixed-method approach was adopted, administering questionnaires to 354 teachers and interviewing 26 school principals. The results revealed that teachers possessed a moderately high level of TPACK knowledge, influenced by factors such as age, gender, professional experience, ICT training, and institutional support. It was concluded that strengthening ongoing training and technical support is key to effective teaching mediated by mobile technologies, with projections toward more advanced educational ecosystems such as the metaverse.

References

1. Qazi A, Qazi J, Naseer K, Hasan N, Hardaker G, Bao D. M-Learning in education during COVID-19: A systematic review of sentiment, challenges, and opportunities. Vol. 10, Heliyon. Elsevier Ltd; 2024.

2. Adewumi OE, Asino TI, Jha K. Preparedness of Preservice and In-service Teachers’ Towards the Use of Mobile Devices in Nigeria. Vol. 19, International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT). 2023.

3. Amendaño-Guarquila RE, Guevara-Vizcaíno CF. M-learning la educación a través de pantallas a los jóvenes en confinamiento. EPISTEME KOINONIA. 2021 Jul 1;4(8):308.

4. Heath MK, Moore S. Locating TPACK XK between theory and practice: Reflective practice, applied ethics, and technoskeptical dispositions. Computers and Education Open. 2024 Dec 1;7:100204.

5. Shambare B, Simuja C. Mapping TPACK Competency among Life Sciences Teachers in Rural and Marginalised Secondary Schools: A Descriptive Analysis. International Journal of Technology in Education and Science [Internet]. 2024 Nov 6;8(4):522–41. Available from: https://www.ijtes.net/index.php/ijtes/article/view/573

6. Mishra, Punya & Koehler M. Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge. 2006;118:1017–54.

7. Shulman LS. Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching. Educational Research. 1986;15(2):4–14.

8. Scherer R, Tondeur J, Siddiq F, Baran E. The importance of attitudes toward technology for pre-service teachers’ technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge: Comparing structural equation modeling approaches. Comput Human Behav. 2018;80:67–80.

9. Guzmán González JR, Vesga Bravo GJ. TPACK in In-service Secondary Education Teachers: A Systematic Review of the Literature. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology. 2023 Oct 23;12(1):282–96.

10. Bachy S. TPDK, a New Definition of the TPACK Model for a University Setting. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning. 2014;17(2):15–39.

11. Can B, Erokten S, Bahtiyar A. An Investigation of Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge. European Journal of Educational Research. 2017;6(1):51–7.

12. Lambert M, Mäkitalo K. TPACK updated to measure pre-service teachers’ twenty-first century skills. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology. 2017;33(3):15–31.

13. Schmidt D, Baran E, Thompson A, Mishra P, Koehler M, Shin T. Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK): The development and validation of an assessment instrument for preservice Teachers. Journal of Research on Technology in Education. 2009;42(2):123–49.

14. Bernacki ML, Greene JA, Crompton H. Mobile technology, learning, and achievement: Advances in understanding and measuring the role of mobile technology in education. Contemp Educ Psychol. 2020;60(November 2019).

15. AKUN JCA, MOHAMAD FS. Technological pedagogical content knowledge (tpack) and the teaching of science: Determiners for professional development. Estudios de Economia Aplicada. 2021;39(1).

16. Schmid M, Brianza E, Petko D. Self-reported technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) of pre-service teachers in relation to digital technology use in lesson plans. Comput Human Behav [Internet]. 2021;115(May 2020):106586. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106586

17. Petko D, Koehler MJ, Mishra P. Placing TPACK in context: Looking at the big picture. Computers and Education Open. 2024 Dec 1;7:100236.

18. McDougall T, Phillips M. Contextual considerations in TPACK: Collaborative processes in initial teacher education. Computers and Education Open. 2024 Dec 1;7:100207.

19. Petko D, Mishra P, Koehler MJ. TPACK in context: An updated model. Computers and Education Open. 2025 Jun 1;8:100244.

20. Kosiol T, Ufer S. Teachers’ self-reported and actual content-related TPACK – new results on their relation and gender differences. Computers and Education Open. 2024 Dec 1;7:100205.

21. Hervás-Torres M, Bellido-González M, Soto-Solier PM. Digital competences of university students after face-to-face and remote teaching: Video-animations digital create content. Heliyon. 2024 Jun 15;10(11):e32589.

22. Mohammadpour E, Maroofi Y. The disparity between performance-based and self-reported measures of TPACK: Implications for teacher education and professional development. Computers in Human Behavior Reports [Internet]. 2025 Mar 1 [cited 2025 Jan 29];17:100554. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2451958824001878

23. Schmid M, Brianza E, Mok SY, Petko D. Running in circles: A systematic review of reviews on technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). Comput Educ. 2024 Jun 1;214:105024.

24. Lohr A, Sailer M, Stadler M, Fischer F. Digital learning in schools: Which skills do teachers need, and who should bring their own devices? Teach Teach Educ. 2024 Dec 1;152:104788.

25. Kartimi, Gloria RY, Anugrah IR. Chemistry online distance learning during the covid-19 outbreak: Do tpack and teachers’ attitude matter? Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia. 2021 Jun 1;10(2):228–40.

26. Tiba C, Condy J. Newly qualified teachers’ integration of technology during curriculum delivery. International Journal of Education and Practice. 2021;9(2):297–309.

27. Tschönhens F, Backfisch I, Fütterer T, Lachner A. TPACK in action: Contextual effects of pre-service and in-service teachers’ knowledge structures for technology integration. Computers and Education Open. 2024 Dec 1;7:100219.

28. Gómez-Trigueros IM, De Aldecoa CY. The digital gender gap in teacher education: The TPACK framework for the 21st century. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2021 Dec 1;11(4):1333–49.

29. Shiri M, Baigutov K. Exploring the influence of teachers’ academic rank in advancing inclination to TPACK in art education: Case study: Faculty of Arts, Department of Art Education, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Kazakhstan. Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 2025 Jan 1;11:101252.

30. Juanda A, Shidiq AS, Nasrudin D. Teacher learning management: Investigating biology teachers’ tpack to conduct learning during the covid-19 outbreak. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia. 2021 Mar 1;10(1):48–59.

31. Drajati NA, So HJ, Rakerda H, Maret MINS, Sulistyawati H. Exploring the Impact of TPACK-based Teacher Professional Development (TPD) Program on EFL Teachers’ TPACK Confidence and Beliefs. Journal of Asia TEFL. 2023 Jun 1;20(2):300–15.

32. Wu YT, Chai CS, Wang LJ. Exploring secondary school teachers’ TPACK for video-based flipped learning: the role of pedagogical beliefs. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr). 2022 Jul 1;27(6):8793–819.

33. Maipita I, Dongoran FR, Syah DH, Sagala GH. TPACK, ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT, AND TECHNOSTRESS IN EXPLAINING TEACHER PERFORMANCE DURING FULLY ONLINE LEARNING. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research. 2023;22:41–70.

34. Garcia-Cabot A, de-Marcos L, Garcia-Lopez E. An empirical study on m-learning adaptation: Learning performance and learning contexts. Comput Educ [Internet]. 2015 Mar 1 [cited 2018 May 30];82:450–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036013151400284X

35. Bano M, Zowghi D, Kearney M, Schuck S, Aubusson P. Mobile learning for science and mathematics school education: A systematic review of empirical evidence. Comput Educ [Internet]. 2018 Jun 1 [cited 2018 May 30];121:30–58. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131518300381

36. Matienzo R. The perceptions of professors on mobile learning in higher education. Educación Superior. 2020;VII(2):38–48.

37. Mohiuddin K, Fatima H, Khan MA, Khaleel MA, Nasr OA, Shahwar S. Mobile learning evolution and emerging computing paradigms: An edge-based cloud architecture for reduced latencies and quick response time. Array. 2022 Dec 1;16.

38. Romero Ramos O, Fernández Rodríguez E, López Fernández I, Merino Marbán R, Benítez Porres J. The impact of the M-learning methodology on university students. J Technol Sci Educ. 2022 Feb 11;12(1):121.

39. Adams S, Cummins M, Davis A, Freeman A, Hall C, Ananthanarayanan V. NMC Horizon Report: 2017 Higher Education Edition. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium; 2017.

40. Elfeky A, Masadeh T. The Effect of Mobile Learning on Students’ Achievement and Conversational Skills. International Journal of Higher Education. 2016;5(3):20–31.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-31

How to Cite

1.
Marte Marte DA. Tpack knowledge in secondary school teachers: basis for effective teaching with mobile technologies in digital environments. Metaverse Basic and Applied Research [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 31 [cited 2025 May 20];3:.109. Available from: https://mr.ageditor.ar/index.php/mr/article/view/109